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Ovog leta je napravljen prototip novog krila...tako da ima ovde jos da traje razvoj... Tekst se odnosi na integraciju novih materijala kako bi se lakse vrsila dijagnostika kompozita i pojednostavilo odrzavanje.
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Smart material for T-50: laser technology will secure composite structures
Citat:
KLA began the introduction of a laser monitoring system for composite structures. The new technology itself will determine the place of impact of the surface of the aircraft and simplify operation.
When creating both combat and civil aircraft, the proportion of composite materials is constantly increasing. For example, 70% of the fifth generation fighter’s washed surface is carbon fiber. Composites greatly facilitate the weight of the structure, improve aerodynamics and allow to drastically reduce the visibility of the combat vehicle for radar.
Experts say that on the radar display of the fifth generation fighter, thanks to non-metallic coatings, is no more than a bird.
But unlike traditional metals, composites are more demanding to maintain. During the operation of the aircraft units of carbon fiber can be exposed to collisions of birds in the air, on the ground - careless blows of staff. Unlike metal surfaces, where the effects of damage are immediately noticeable, on the composite wing after the impact, invisible to the eye (zabranjeno)s may appear. (zabranjeno)s under the influence of loads, as a rule, increase in size over time and under certain circumstances may even destroy the structure of the aircraft.
After several flights, the carbon-fiber aggregates — the wing, tail, or fuselage — are regularly subjected to a thorough inspection of non-destructive testing.
To reduce the time of inspections and increase the safety of the aircraft, about five years ago, the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, UAC and the Sukhoi company launched a project to develop a new technology.
“The idea is simple - to make“ composite material ”smart, so that he himself would inform both the pilot and the operator about the state of the structure,” recalls Sukhoi Design Bureau chief Andrey Filatov.
UAC and the company "Sukhoi" began to develop a partnership with a number of domestic scientific institutions. Scientists have suggested at the manufacturing stage to include in the design of a composite coating consisting of millions of carbon-fiber composite ribbons, a special optical fiber. Part of the work is done independently, part with the help of a domestic company, the Scientific Innovation Center “Institute for the Development of Research, Development and Technology Transfer” (SIC IRT). By the time the cooperation began, Moscow scientists had gained some experience in ensuring the safety of composite blades for helicopters.
And in the summer of this year, SIC IRT and the company “Sukhoi” created a prototype of the wing of a fifth-generation fighter T-50. The construction made of composites is penetrated by fiber-optic sensors.
For its customers, NIIgrafit, a member of Rosatom, has developed a special composite material, in the structure of which special fiber-optic sensors began to be mounted. Literally, the entire promising front-line aviation complex is penetrated by several hundred meters of fiber, constantly transmitting a signal. When a malfunction occurs, and the appearance of (zabranjeno)s in the composites is always accompanied by a specific crash, the automation immediately determines the location and suggests the necessary behavior algorithms.
If any damage occurs, the computer issues a recommendation to the pilot — evaluates the life of the structure’s action, issues a command to the pilot to return to the base, and if the damage is critical, immediately leave the aircraft.
“Conventionally, 900 hours are provided for servicing aircraft with composite structures using traditional methods. Automation allows you to reduce the time for maintenance of aircraft several times, - says the director of SIC IRT Nikolay Lvov. “The total weight of the structure and materials is no more than 5–7 kilograms, but the value for operation is difficult to overestimate.”
“For smart designs, of course, the future. They can themselves diagnose the state of the material, determine the level of flight safety. However, there is still a long way to go. Determine how well sensors hear noise, optimal placement, ”Andrei Filatov believes.
However, the importance of work for aviation is invaluable. “Composite is a relatively young material in aviation and its use so far gives a minimal weight gain - no more than 15–20 percent,” says Vladimir Kargpoltsev, director of the UAC scientific-technical center. “Designers are conservative people and design with large tolerances.”
The use of smart designs in addition to the well-known benefits will make it possible to achieve significant weight loss over time. So, airplanes will become safer and more economical.
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