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- Pridružio: 23 Okt 2010
- Poruke: 1267
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Evo obimnijeg teksta kako bi konacno sve razjasnili i to je poslednje sto cu napisati na temu TVC, jer nema vise sta da se kaze.
Citat:A full envelope database of a thrust-vectoring axisymmetric nozzle performance for the Pratt & Whitney Pitch/Yaw Balance Beam Nozzle (P/YBBN) is being developed using the F-15 Advanced Control Technology for Integrated Vehicles (ACTIVE) aircraft. At this time, flight research has been completed for steady-state pitch vector angles up to 20 at an altitude of 30,000 ft from low power settings to maximum afterburner power
Ta mlaznica radi po istom principu kao i GE AVEN samo sto je novijeg datuma i ugradjena je na drugi motor, a ista ogranicenja i efekti na mlaz vaze za obe mlaznice
Ovaj tekst naglasava da je moguc otklon od 20 stepeni i na forsazu, ali to vazi za opterecenje latica od 6000lb koje je se moralo ograniciti na 4000lb iz objektivnih razloga.
Citat:The .
P/YBBN extends the capabilities of the proven BBN
design to provide mechanical vectoring up to 20° in any
circumferential direction and independent nozzle exitto-throat area ratio modulation from 1.1 to 3. Because
the possibility exists of exceeding the 4000 lb vector
force design limitation, limits are imposed on the commanded vector angle.
Based upon its vector force
estimate, the NC limits vector force to 4000 lb per
nozzle to protect the aircraft, engine, and nozzle
structure from overload
(Mil power ranges from 83°
to 88° of power setting while Max power lies between
127° and 130° of power setting).
Evo tih razloga, a cifra od 4000lb stoji i u brosuri za serijsku ugradnju, sto znaci da nisu mogli da pomere tu granicu, jer bi doslo do ostecenja mlaznice
Citat:Data were not collected beyond –10° at maximum
afterburner and –16.5° at 112° power settings because
of NC limiting. The NC model predicted the 4000 lb
vector force limit was achieved at these angles.
Ovaj podatak pokazuje da na forsazu za ogranicenje od 4000lb nisu mogli da vrse otklon veci od 10°
Citat:All power settings
displayed similar plume deflection results (fig 10(a));
the plume was deflected less than the nozzle metal and
the difference increased with increased metal angle. At
maximum afterburner power setting, the plume angle
decreased rapidly with increased metal angle, reaching
only –5° plume angle at –10° of metal angle. For any
given metal angle, the plume approaches the metal
deflection as power setting is decreased.
Ovaj podatak pokazuje da otklon mlaznice i otklon mlaza nisu toliko u proporciji i da sa povecanjem snage motora , otklon mlaza postaje manji od otklona mlaznice, tako da za otklon mlaznice na forsazu od 10°, realni otklon mlaza je 5°.
Citat:The most efficient
vectoring occurs at the lowest power settings with
vector deflections beyond –10°. Vector efficiency, , is
proportional to vector metal angle but only up to some
maximum attainable limit. This limit is inversely
proportional with power setting. Not only is the
limit inversely proportional to power setting, but is
also proportional to vector metal angle.
Vector plume angles are usually less than the vector
metal angle.
Nozzle efficiency is proportional to vector metal
angle and inversely proportional to power setting.
An apparent limit on maximum nozzle efficiency is
inversely proportional to power setting
Ovaj podatak pokazuje da je najefikasnije koristenje vektora mlaza kod te mlaznice pri smanjenoj snazi motora.
Citat:Postflight examinations of the nozzle provided
indications that unanticipated divergent flap and seal
positions were experienced at some point during the
flight. It is believed that slight seal deflections occur
with certain vectoring conditions, which may allow for
flow crossing through gaps between flaps and seals. At
this point the phenomena is unpredictable and not well
understood, but it could affect nozzle propulsive force
Ovaj podatak pokazuje da je i sa ogranicenjem pritiska na latice od 4000lb dolazilo do neocekivanih defekata mlaznice.
Citat:Vectoring
may also improve internal nozzle efficiency. An overall
peak efficiency of 103.5 percent occurs at maximum
power near 7° . Thrust efficiencies greater than
100 percent are significant in that the additional
propulsive force lends itself to greater overall vehicle
efficiencies. Overall,
efficiencies never fall below 95 percent.
Podatak vezan za gubitke ili dobitke u snazi motora pri otklonu vektora.
Citat:Similarly, because
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
aerodynamic control surfaces and thrust vectoring of the
F-16 multi-axis thrust vectoring airplane (MATV) were
designed to move in unison, it was impossible to isolate
the effects of each.
Ovaj podatak pokazuje da se nisu mogle detaljno ispitati mogucnosti mlaznice na MATV u realnim uslovima, jer je TVC kod njega sinhronizovano morao da radi sa upravljackim povrsinama, jer ima samo jedan motor, dok je kod F-15 taj problem resen tako sto je jedan motor ostao u neutralnom polozaju dok je drugi versio otklon, a upravljacke povrsine su bile nezavisne od oba motora.
Citat:Maximum nozzle deflection angle on the F-16 MATV is 15 degrees for the military power setting and 17 degrees in afterburner mode. In general, the maximum vectoring limits were a function of thrust, hardware kinematics, and flow-separation limits
Ovaj podatak u tekstu koji si ti naveo vazi za opitni sto i verovatno je pogresan ili su permutovali , iz razloga sto nije logicno da mozes da vrsis veci otklon na forsazu nego na besforsaznom rezimu, jer je pritisak na latice drasticno veci, a samim tim i otklon zbog ogranicenja pritiska na latice bi morao da bude manji na forsazu.
Druga stvar, i kod jedne i kod druge mlaznice, zbog tipa TVC koji je primenjen, realni otklon mlaza je manji od otklona mlaznice, jer dolazi do deformacije samog mlaza.
Ponavljam, maksimalni otklon od 20 stepeni (sto je vise od GE mlaznice, kao i brzina otklona mlaza koja je duplo veca) kod PW mlaznice je bio moguc na forsazu, ali na opitnom stolu i sa opterecenjem od 6000lb na latice, koje je u realnim uslovima moralo da se ogranici na 4000lb.
Nemoj da mi trazis tekst za ovaj podatak, jer sam se ubio trazeci ga i nisam mogao da ga nadjem.
Citat:The AVEN provides up to 17 degrees of thrust vectoring in every
direction. Slew rates of the nozzle are 60 deg/sec but limited to 45 deg/sec by the flight
control computer software
Vectoring commands are phased out as
aircraft loads increase above 5 "Gs" because there is no need for vector force at conditions producing extreme "G" levels
Ovaj podatak pokazuje da sa porastom opterecenja u manevru iznad 5G, nema potrbe za otklonom vektroa , jer ne bi bilo efekta, odnosno efektivno koristenje vektora potiska za tu mlaznicu je 5G, dok je za PW mlaznicu 6,5G,
Citat:P/YBBN vectoring system envelope expansion cleared nozzle operation to 6.5 g, Mach 2.0,
1600 lb/ft
2
dynamic pressure, and 30° angle of attack,
allowing adequate capability to meet the programs
research requirements sto pokazuje da je PW realno efektnija mlazniza u realnim uslovima primene, sto i nije iznenadjujuce s obzirom da je novijeg datuma proizvodnje.
Ruske mlaznice namaju navedena ogranicenja iz razloga sto nema deformiteta mlaza i nema realnog ogranicenja otklona vektora na forsazu, zbod mehanizacije i materijala koji su primenjeni u konstrukciji.
Podatak da su rusi prvi i jedini u serijskoj proizvodnji imali TVC na kruznoj mlaznici, govori samo o kvalitetu njihovih mlaznica, a to sve sa vojnim budzetom koji je bezmalo stotinu puta manji od americkog, pa mi tvrdnja da su finansije bile problem kod amerikanaca ne pije vodu.
Od mene toliko na ovu temu, a sto se tice komentara drugih clanova, kojima je tesko da citaju duzi tekst, mislim da bi trebali sami nesto konstruktivno da napisu i ukljuce se u raspravu, pa tek onda daju svoje cenjene kometare.
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